Born in Alexandria, Egypt, to Greek parents, Cavafy spent much of his life working as a civil servant while developing his literary craft. He remained largely outside the mainstream of contemporary Greek literary circles during his lifetime, choosing instead to circulate his poems privately among friends and through printed broadsheets.

His work is characterized by a unique blend of historical, erotic, and philosophical themes, often utilizing a blend of demotic and formal Greek. His poetry frequently draws upon the history of the Hellenistic world, reflecting his deep engagement with the cultural legacy of the Mediterranean.

Today, Cavafy is celebrated globally as a foundational voice in modern poetry. His influence continues to be felt across various artistic disciplines, with his literary legacy frequently referenced in cultural discourse regarding the preservation and interpretation of Mediterranean history and identity.