Born in Nebraska, Sheila Hicks studied at Yale University under the tutelage of Josef Albers. Her early career was shaped by extensive travel and research into indigenous textile traditions in South America, which fundamentally influenced her approach to weaving and material construction.

Hicks is recognized for her mastery of fiber, ranging from intricate, small-scale hand-woven pieces to massive, architectural installations. Her work often utilizes natural materials like linen, silk, and wool to create tactile, immersive environments that interact directly with the surrounding space.

Her work remains a fixture in international contemporary art, with pieces held in the permanent collections of major institutions worldwide. Recent critical discourse continues to emphasize her role in elevating fiber art to the status of fine art, highlighting her enduring influence on modern sculpture and design.