Born in the Russian Empire, Sonia Delaunay received her formal artistic training in Russia and Germany before settling in Paris. She became a central figure of the School of Paris, where she collaborated with her husband, Robert Delaunay, to develop the Orphism movement, which emphasized the rhythmic interplay of color and light.

Her practice was notably multidisciplinary, extending beyond painting into the realms of textile design, fashion, and set design. She is widely recognized for her ability to integrate abstract geometric forms into functional objects and garments, effectively bridging the gap between fine art and applied design.

Delaunay achieved significant historical milestones, including becoming the first living female artist to receive a retrospective exhibition at the Louvre in 1964. Her work continues to be a focal point in major institutional surveys, such as the Stedelijk Museum's recent 'Yesterday Today' collection presentation, which highlights her contributions to early twentieth-century modernism.